Abstract
Classical client remote state preparation (CC − RSP) is a primitive where a fully classical party (client) can instruct the preparation of a sequence of random quantum states on some distant party (server) in a way that the description is known to the client but remains hidden from the server. This primitive has many applications, most prominently, it makes blind quantum computing possible for classical clients. In this work, we give a protocol for classical client remote state preparation, that requires minimal resources. The protocol is proven secure against honest-but-curious servers and any malicious third party in a game-based security framework. We provide an instantiation of a trapdoor (approximately) 2-regular family of functions whose security is based on the hardness of the Learning-With-Errors problem, including a first analysis of the set of usable parameters. We also run an experimentation on IBM’s quantum cloud using a toy function. This is the first proof-of-principle experiment of classical client remote state preparation.
Highlights
Introduction and Related WorksThe recent interest in quantum technologies has brought forward a vision of quantum internet [1] that could implement a collection of known protocols for enhanced security or communication complexity [2]
We first want to indicate the randomness of the output of the HBC − QFactory protocol
We introduce the classical client remote state preparation (CC − RSP) primitive, whose purpose is to remove the need for quantum communication in quantum computation and communication protocols and replace it with classical communication and post-quantum security
Summary
The recent interest in quantum technologies has brought forward a vision of quantum internet [1] that could implement a collection of known protocols for enhanced security or communication complexity [2]. The rapid development of quantum hardware has increased the computational capacity of quantum servers that could be linked in such a communicating network. This raised the necessity and importance of privacypreserving functionalities such as the research developed around quantum computing on encrypted data (see a recent review in [3]). Given the crucial role of quantum cloud services, the most important challenge imposing practicality limitations refers to the need of quantum communication Some of the most promising quantum computation devices (e.g., superconducting such as the devices developed by IBM, Google) do not yet offer the possibility of “networked” architecture, i.e., cannot receive and send quantum states.
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