Abstract
To potentially overcome the practical security loopholes of CV-QKD protocols, in this paper, we propose to use the optimized eight-state measurement-device-independent (MDI) protocol and demonstrate that it can significantly outperform corresponding Gaussian modulation-based MDI and virtual photon subtraction-based MDI CV-QKD protocols in terms of both secret-key rate and achievable transmission distance. Contrary to the common belief that virtual photon subtraction method can extend the distance of MDI CV-QKD protocols, we show that this is not true for fully optimized MDI CV-QKD protocols and realistic system parameters.
Highlights
The quantum key distribution (QKD) leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to realize the distribution of keys with security that can be verified [1]–[8]
The continuous variable (CV)-QKD protocols are typically implemented based on Gaussian modulation (GM) [9]–[14] or discrete modulation (DM) [15]–[19]. (An interested reader interested in differences between GM-based and DM-based CV-QKD schemes is referred to refs. [6] and [7].)
CONCLUDING REMARKS The use of optimized 8QAM (opt8QAM)-based MDI CV-QKD has been advocated in this paper to overcome various practical security loopholes of conventional CV-QKD protocols
Summary
The quantum key distribution (QKD) leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to realize the distribution of keys with security that can be verified [1]–[8]. In MDI CV-QKD, Charlie performs the dual-homodyne detection instead to determine in-phase and quadrature components and announces the results. In both versions, Alice and Bob simultaneously perform encoding and send the prepared quantum states toward the Charlie. The modes received from Alice and Bob get interfered at Charlie’s BS, followed by the dual-homodyne detection to determine in-phase and quadrature components (IC , QC ) and announces results. When the PS module is employed on Alice’s side, based on ref. [32], we conclude that the corresponding covariance matrix for PS-based MDI CV-QKD can be written as: VA1
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