Abstract
A simple microscopic model of the antiferroelectric SmC A * liquid crystals is proposed so as to analyse a few possible phase transitions between smectic subphases with various macroscopic dipole moments. It is theoretically implied that SmC A * liquid crystals show a universal phase sequence SmC A * (Antiferroelectric), SmCγ * (Ferrielectric), and SmC * (Ferroelectric) with increasing temperature in general. This is considered as a consequence of a competition between an attractive dipolar interaction and an excluded volume effect which results in a packing entropy related to the steric hindrance between the biaxial molecules. Also the effect of an external electric field on the phase transition is investigated.
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