Abstract
This article studies the power-ordered Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) techniques associated with Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes, adopted for use in the fifth generation of cellular communications (5G). Both conventional and cooperative NOMA are studied, associated with Single Carrier with Frequency Domain Equalization (SC-FDE) and massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO). Billions of Internet of Things (IoT) devices are aimed to be incorporated by the Fourth Industrial Revolution, requiring more efficient use of the spectrum. NOMA techniques have the potential to support that goal and represent strong candidates for incorporation into future releases of 5G. This article shows that combined schemes associated with both conventional and cooperative LDPC-coded NOMA achieve good performance while keeping the computational complexity at an acceptable level.
Highlights
It is shown that the use of Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC)-coded Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) with m-Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), when combined with conventional or cooperative NOMA, can be utilized with a low level of complexity when the Maximum Ratio Combiner (MRC) receiver is adopted, whose performances in different scenarios is very close to the Zero Forcing (ZF) receiver
This article publishes the results of a study of conventional and cooperative LDPCcoded NOMA with m-MIMO and Single Carrier with Frequency Domain Equalization (SC-FDE) transmission techniques using two different types of receivers: ZF and MRC
LDPC codes were adopted by 3GPP as the data channel encoding scheme for 5G standard because they support very high data transfer rates with low complexity, as opposed to turbo codes utilized in 3G and 4G
Summary
Release 17 is expected in 2022, and it will focus on several improvements to 5G, such as network slicing, URLLC, and improved capacity/spectral efficiency, as will be required to support billions of IoT devices needed for smart logistics, smart cities, and autonomous vehicles. This article publishes a holistic study where conventional NOMA and cooperative NOMA are combined with the Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) coded massive MIMO (m-MIMO) scheme, SC-FDE and multiple receivers with different levels of complexity and performance, and studied in different 5G scenarios. It is shown that the use of LDPC-coded NOMA with m-MIMO, when combined with conventional or cooperative NOMA, can be utilized with a low level of complexity when the MRC receiver is adopted, whose performances in different scenarios is very close to the ZF receiver (which has much higher computational requirements). This article is organized as follows: Section 2 describes the system characterization for m-MIMO using SC-FDE transmissions; Section 3 deals with the NOMA concept; Section 4 analyzes the performance results; and Section 5 concludes the article
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