Abstract
The present study focused on the analysis of the risk factors of diarrhea in Southern Benin. Data have been collected from 442 peasant households on the basis of a stratified random sampling method in the targeted communities, with information on the source of water provision, the location of the village, the usual defecation place, the site of refusing dumping and the presence of trash dump in the vicinity of the household. Data have been analyzed using descriptive statistics. In addition, analyses of variance and log-linear analyses have been applied to test the various factors in the outbreak of diarrheas. Results have allowed a hierarchical organization of the drinking water sources with regards to their use and to the cases of diarrheas (boreholes: p 0.001; rainwater and territorial water: p 0.001; wells: p = 0.547 and pipe-borne water: p = 0.277. If we rule out people’s insanitary behaviors, the impact of some risk factors such as the sites of waste disposal (2%) and excreta disposal (1%) is of little influence in comparison to the water supply source and the place of residence, which play respectively for 62% and 30% in the outbreak of episodes of diarrheas in households. It follows that, to curb the diarrhea morbidity, there is the need to improve the water supply policy and the environmental sanitation.
Highlights
Diarrheic diseases are permanent health concerns in West African countries in general and in Benin in particular
The present study focused on the analysis of the risk factors of diarrhea in Southern Benin
Water is a pathogen factor often cited with the incidence of diarrheas, as it is for many other diseases, in the sense that it constitutes an essential link in the epidemiology chain of many of them 19, especially in regions where there is a lack of it
Summary
Diarrheic diseases are permanent health concerns in West African countries in general and in Benin in particular. It is believed that wastes from households and waste water are vectors of almost the JEP types of pathogen germs (bacteria, viruses and parasites) that are dejected by sick people and carriers of endemic enteritis diseases 3,12. Those solid and liquid wastes can be considered as the most serious potential source of great variety of pathogen agents. The epidemiologic features in this area, following the situation in the humid areas in the southern part of the country, position diarrhea as the second or third of the most frequent affections 13 The analysis of this epidemiologic feature makes believe at first that there is a standardization of the incidence of diarrhea within the population. The objective of the present study is to analyse the causes of the variation of the incidence of diarrheas in the depresssion of the TCHI community and to assess the most important factors of the incidence of diarrheas
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