Abstract
To study the features of the formation of osteochondral exostoses on the lateral surface of the amputation stump of the bone. There were 8 series of experiments performed on 116 dogs, which had the amputation of the thigh with the subsequent plasty by myodesis, myodesis with different degrees of muscle tension, osteoplasty, fascio- and myoplasty, as well as myodesis, which in the postoperative period was accompanied by the electrical stimulation of the muscles. The observation periods included – 1, 3, 8 months. In the postoperative period the muscle tone of all animals was daily measured. The method of investigation was histological with filling of the vessels with ink-gelatin mixture. Totally 36 exostoses were studied. The vast majority of them arose after fascio- and myoplastic amputation and myodesis with the excessive muscle tension. The causes of the appearance of exostoses were the excessive tension of the muscles created during the plastic surgery, and their contracture contractions in the postoperative period. There was a resorption of the cortical diaphyseal plate along the inner and outer surfaces, intraosseous circulation and reparative osteogenesis were disrupted.
Highlights
Osteochondral exostoses are the manifestation of the diverse dysplastic disease – exostotic chondrodysplasia of bones
The exostoses presented formations, significantly deforming the lateral surface of the bone stump, with dimensions from 0,6 × 0,9 to 1,5 × 2 cm with the rounded contours and the peak directed to the side or upwards, corresponding to the traction of the muscle bone attached to the stump
The histological structure of the exostoses was of the same type: they consisted of the structures of the newly formed bone in the form of the irregular network of trabecula of bones elongated under the influence of the muscle traction, containing cartilaginous fibers
Summary
Osteochondral exostoses are the manifestation of the diverse dysplastic disease – exostotic chondrodysplasia of bones. Despite the longtime studying of the exostoses – one of the most “ancient” of the bone diseases, mentioned in the literature, until now there is no sufficiently valid and generally accepted theory of their origin. A few attempts of the experimental reproduction of exostoses on animals cannot be considered as successful. Without claiming to creating of the new theory of the origin of exostoses, we consider that the data, obtained during the implementation of the experimental study on the character of reparative regeneration in the amputation stumps of the femur shaft depending on the method of their plasty, are worthy of attention
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