Abstract
The possibilities of using an electrostatic field in the technology for manufacturing plywood by the example of birch veneer with the use of carbamide–formaldehyde epoxy or polyvinyl acetate glues have been considered. It has been shown that preliminary treatment of the glue in an electric field results in a decrease of the glue viscosity and leads to an increase in the plywood strength under chipping, whereas the polarization of plywood samples in the course of the gluing procedure causes the ultimate strength under chipping to increase. The results can be explained as being due to the orientation of the glue macromolecules owing to an electric field, which leads to hardening of the material. This effect may be caused by a double electric layer occurring at the veneer–glue interface, increasing the adhesion of the glue to the veneer, by lowering glue viscosity and improving veneer surface wettability, as well as by an increase in the free surface energy of glues in the course of polarization thereof.
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