On the nature of pressure‐induced coordination changes in silicate melts and glasses

Abstract

Progressive decreases in the Si‐O‐Si angles between corner‐shared silicate tetrahedra in glasses and melts with increasing pressure can lead to arrangements of oxygen atoms that can be described in terms of edge‐ or face‐shared octahedra. This mechanism of compression can account for the gradual, continuous increases in melt and glass densities from values at low pressure that indicate dominantly tetrahedral coordination of Si to values at several tens of GPa that suggest higher coordination. It also can explain the unquenchable nature of octahedrally coordinated Si in glasses, the absence of spectroscopically detectable octahedrally coordinated Si in glasses until they are highly compressed, the gradual and reversible transformation from tetrahedral to octahedral coordination in glasses once the transformation is detectable spectroscopically, and the fact that this transformation takes place in glass at room temperature. It may also have relevance to pressure‐induced transformations from crystalline to glassy phases, the difficulty in retrieving some metastable high pressure crystalline phases at low pressure, and the observed differences between the pressures required for phase transformations in shock wave experiments on glasses and crystals.