Abstract
An extensive experimental study of the flow properties of helium II in tubes of ∼0.2 mm inner diameter is reported. The emphasis is on flow states of which the temperature profile along the tubes is nonuniform. Such flow states apparently correspond to nonuniform distributions of superfluid turbulence in the tube. Steady nonuniform profiles are found to occur at almost pure normal fluid flow ( v s ≈ 0), whereas a strongly fluctuating behaviour of the temperature along the tube shows up when the relative velocity v n − v s reaches a certain, only temperature dependent, value (of e.g. ∼9 cm/s at T 0 = 1.4 K). The fluctuations are interpreted to result from the motion of plugs of turbulence through the tube. The analogy with the similar phenomena observed for ordinary liquids is discussed.
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