On the microlocal analysis of the geodesic X-ray transform with conjugate points

Abstract

We study the microlocal properties of the geodesic X-ray transform $\mathcal{X}$ on a manifold with boundary allowing the presence of conjugate points. Assuming that there are no self-intersecting geodesics and all conjugate pairs are nonsingular we show that the normal operator $\mathcal{N} = \mathcal{X}^t \circ \mathcal{X}$ can be decomposed as the sum of a pseudodifferential operator of order $-1$ and a sum of Fourier integral operators. We also apply this decomposition to prove inversion of $\mathcal{X}$ is only mildly ill-posed when all conjugate points are of order $1$, and a certain graph condition is satisfied, in dimension three or higher.