Abstract
After passing in review the experimental researches of Rum ford, Davy, Dulong, Faraday, and others who have successively discovered facts tending to prove that heat is not a substance, but a mode of force, the author mentions the papers he has already communicated to the Royal Society, and published in the Philosophical Magazine, in which he has endeavoured to show that in the production of heat by the expenditure of force , and vice versâ , in the production of force by the expenditure of heat , a constant relation always subsists between the two. This relation he denominates the “Mechanical Equivalent of Heat,” and the object of the present paper is to advance fresh proofs of its existence, and to give to it the numerical accuracy requisite to fit it as a starting-point for further inquiries. In carrying out the above design, the author has determined the relation of work done to heat produced in the cases of the friction,— 1st, of water; 2nd, of mercury ; and 3rd, of cast iron.
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