On the magnetohydrodynamic natural convective alumina nanofluidic transport inside a triangular enclosure fitted with fins

Abstract

Natural convective transport inside a triangular enclosure is introduced in several engineering, industrial, and technological applications including wideband antenna designing, solar power, electronic cooling devices, attic designing, coatings, etc. Fins are well appreciated in various engineering applications starting from electric transformers, gas turbines, heat exchangers, semiconductor devices, automobile radiators, air-cooled engines, hydrogen fuel cells, etc. Nanofluids do have superior heat transport capabilities due to their improved thermal conductivity compared to other conventional coolants. With such motivation, this investigation explores the magnetized alumina nanofluid flow enclosed within the triangular cavity and circular cylinder. The inner hot cylinder includes several rectangular fins having different lengths. The inclined walls are kept cold, whereas the lower surface is uniformly heated. Accurate similarity variables are employed to renovate the dimensional flow profiles into their non-dimensional form. Later, those leading dimensionless equations interact with Galerkin finite element scheme to acquire the desired solutions. The present model is verified with existing literature followed by grid test, comparison test, and experimental work. The whole investigation enlightens how different lengths of the fins affect the hydrothermal behavior inside the enclosure. For this purpose, various velocities, streamlines, isotherms, Nusselt number plots are presented for the flow factors like Rayleigh number (104≤Ra≤106), Hartmann number (0≤Ha≤60), and nanoparticle concentrations (0.00≤φ≤0.04). The investigation reveals that velocities, temperature, isotherms are increased for AR=0.4, while such effects are comparatively lower for AR=1.2. Heat transport is enhanced for nanoparticle concentration and Rayleigh numbers, but numerically high heat transport magnitude is perceived for AR=0.4.