Abstract
We present an analytical perturbation analysis for studying the imaging characteristics of photon diffusion imaging in highly scattering media such as human tissues. Factors affecting the image formation in practical imaging system are taken into account, including the photon source, the optical properties of the sample, and the measurement system. A concise relationship between the internal structure and the detected signal is derived. Based on this, it is proved that photon diffusion imaging possess the property of linear shift invariance. The image formation mechanism in measurements such as functional imaging or tumour early diagnosis is illustrated from the viewpoint of the linear shift invariant system.
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