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Abstract
In the nineties of the last century due to the known economic stress experienced in this time in Russia there were more than fifty million hectors of arable lands withdrawn from the Russian agricultural turnover. There are more than one million hectors of such arable deserted lands in the Amur Region of the Russian Federation (The Far Eastern part of Russia). These arable lands have turned into deteriorating lands in abeyance being colonized by weeds and periodically attacked by fires. As a result of this, these promising agricultural lands, being used for the food supply and forage resources production, have lost their primary purpose of use. It has become a serious national economic problem. Nowadays there is a gradual inclusion of such arable lands into soya and wheat production. The conduction of agrochemical and geo-botanical research needed for suitability evaluation of such arable lands for soya and wheat species cultivation is to a certain degree very expensive and time-consuming procedure. Our research work suggests implementing resources-evaluating method which implies one-time route study in the period of mass flowering of plants and identifying the plants of the arable lands that have resource value. If the number of these plants exceeds eighty percent in relation to the whole species composition, then such arable lands are considered to be suitable for crop rotation. If this ratio is less than sixty percent, then it is necessary to take extra measures in order to reduce the number of weeds and woody plants on such arable lands.
Highlights
In the 90s of the last century more than 50 million hectares of arable land were taken out of the agricultural turnover in Russia [1]
In 2005, according to the regional Ministry of Agriculture in Amur region, 1781.8 ha were allocated for agricultural use, including 1143.3 ha for arable land, which is much less than in 1997, when the total number of such lands was 2682.2 ha, of which 1783.7 ha were arable lands [2]
If we compare the data of the Ministry and given statistics, it turns out that by 2005 more than one million hectares of arable land in the Amur region had been taken out of circulation
Summary
In the 90s of the last century more than 50 million hectares of arable land were taken out of the agricultural turnover in Russia [1]. If we compare the data of the Ministry and given statistics, it turns out that by 2005 more than one million hectares of arable land in the Amur region had been taken out of circulation These lands were essentially abandoned and fell out of the field of peasants' activity for more than 20 years. In the Amur Region, this important national economic problem is aggravated by the fact that there are about 1500 forest and meadow fires annually during early summer and autumn droughts, which cover on average 800.000 to several million ha [7] As a result, these abandoned and essentially derelict lands are constantly burned out, degraded and overgrown with "weed" (a common name for high weed grasses). Research objective: to study possibilities of return of abandoned agricultural lands to soybean crop rotations and recommend methods of evaluation of fallow lands condition
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