Abstract
In this work, we investigate the interaction of a nanoparticulate system for nanomedicine applications with the biological environment, i.e., the human body. Following the molecular communication paradigm, we assess how our nanoparticulate system model is suitable for coexistence in a biological environment. Specifically, we assume the presence of the human immune system that can affect the optimal behavior of nanoparticles, aiming to locally deliver drug inside the human body. When a flow of nanoparticles is injected into the blood, the interference due to the immune system can provide a strong decrease of the nanoparticle concentration, by means of “humoral immunity”, the phagocytosis process, etc. As a consequence, the correct drug delivery will occur with a lower probability. Since the mechanism behind the biological immune system is very complicated, in this paper, we start from a simplistic nanoparticulate model, where the nanoparticles and the cells of the immune system are subject to the diffusion laws. Finally, we derive the end-to-end physical model of our nanoparticulate nanomedicine system with the presence of the human immune system cells. The error analysis is then investigated in terms of how these errors can affect the performance of the system, i.e., nanoparticle survival probability.
Highlights
In the past few years, nanotechnology has emerged as an evolution of technology enabling the design of miniaturized nanoscale devices, i.e., nanorobots and nanoparticles
(QDs-DNA) nanosensors based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) are used for the detection of the target DNA and single mismatch in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) gene
We investigate and analyze the behavior and interactions of the immune system in a biological environment, with one or more flows of nanoparticles emitted for nanomedicine purposes
Summary
In the past few years, nanotechnology has emerged as an evolution of technology enabling the design of miniaturized nanoscale devices, i.e., nanorobots and nanoparticles. We assume that nanoparticles are transmitted by nanomachines and propagate in the medium following a diffusion process, until reaching the receiver, by considering the same principles of molecular communication [18]. They analyze how the LNPs interact with different subsets of leukocytes, and they give detailed examples of the suppression or activation of the immune system by the use of LNPs as drug deliverers Another issue exists at the receiver side, where a selective reception of nanoparticles occurs (i.e., a given nanoparticle can form a complex only with the “corresponding” receptor). We investigate and analyze the behavior and interactions of the immune system in a biological environment, with one or more flows of nanoparticles emitted for nanomedicine purposes (i.e., drug delivery applications).
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