On the (In)visibility of Practices: Opportunities for the Promotion of Household Waste-Segregation in Western Switzerland

Household waste, particularly solid waste, poses significant environmental challenges globally, impacting land, water, and air quality. This study aims to address the environmental degradation caused by waste accumulation by implementing a simple waste management approach in Kajartengguli Village, Indonesia. The method involves segregating household waste into organic and inorganic categories, with a focus on the composting of organic waste. By providing socialization and training sessions, the local community, specifically the PKK (Family Welfare Movement) members, were educated about waste management practices and trained in composting techniques. The outcomes revealed that this community engagement initiative increased waste management knowledge and empowered the residents to reduce household waste, particularly in Kajartengguli Village. The program's success lies in its ability to transform organic waste into compost, which not only improves soil fertility but also provides economic benefits through the sale of compost products. The implications of this study highlight the importance of community-driven waste management initiatives in mitigating the global waste crisis and promoting environmental stewardship.
 Highlight:
 
 Household waste management is crucial for mitigating the global waste crisis and reducing environmental pollution.
 Effective waste management involves segregating organic and inorganic waste, with a focus on composting organic waste.
 Community engagement programs can empower residents by increasing their knowledge and awareness of waste management practices, promoting the utilization of organic waste as compost, and reducing the population of household waste in the surrounding environment.
 
 Keyword:
 Household Waste Management, Organic Waste, Composting, Community Engagement, Environmental Stewardship

Household waste, particularly solid waste, poses significant environmental challenges globally, impacting land, water, and air quality. This study aims to address the environmental degradation caused by waste accumulation by implementing a simple waste management approach in Kajartengguli Village, Indonesia. The method involves segregating household waste into organic and inorganic categories, with a focus on the composting of organic waste. By providing socialization and training sessions, the local community, specifically the PKK (Family Welfare Movement) members, were educated about waste management practices and trained in composting techniques. The outcomes revealed that this community engagement initiative increased waste management knowledge and empowered the residents to reduce household waste, particularly in Kajartengguli Village. The program's success lies in its ability to transform organic waste into compost, which not only improves soil fertility but also provides economic benefits through the sale of compost products. The implications of this study highlight the importance of community-driven waste management initiatives in mitigating the global waste crisis and promoting environmental stewardship. Highlight: Household waste management is crucial for mitigating the global waste crisis and reducing environmental pollution. Effective waste management involves segregating organic and inorganic waste, with a focus on composting organic waste. Community engagement programs can empower residents by increasing their knowledge and awareness of waste management practices, promoting the utilization of organic waste as compost, and reducing the population of household waste in the surrounding environment. Keyword: Household Waste Management, Organic Waste, Composting, Community Engagement, Environmental Stewardship

Everyone, every day, must produce a certain amount of waste, both organic and inorganic. Most of us only care until the "garbage goes out of the house", but less care about how it ends up in the final waste dump. The increase in public consumption is not in line with the optimal waste management capacity either of the government or the community itself. Waste management that is less than optimal will result in environmental pollution and poor public health. Therefore, strategic efforts are needed to empower sustainable waste management to reduce the volume of waste with awareness of applying the 5M concept, namely reducing, sorting, utilizing, recycling, and saving waste; increasing the role of the waste bank; and focusing on the nature of self-reliance.
 The target of this community service is one of the community organizations in the Bumijo village precisely in RW 08 RT 35 Bumijo Kulon. Namely, Bank Sampah Berseri 35. The problems faced by partners are that the volume of waste continues to increase and the limited provision of land for final disposal and not optimal waste management are not new problems in Indonesia. The production of household waste in the form of organic and inorganic waste is increasing every day; this condition is increasingly worrying if it is not resolved.
 This service activity aims to strengthen household waste management institutions in the community as well as increase awareness of reducing the volume of waste generated every day and how to manage organic waste through LOSIDA and STACKED BUCKETS activities and making hand waste craft based on creation economic to manage an organic waste, so green environment can be created.
 The output of this activity is that members of the Berseri Waste Bank and society have an understanding regarding the manufacture of LOSIDA and stacked buckets independently so that organic waste management is more optimal. Every home on RT 35, RW 08, and Bumijo Kulon has LOSIDA and stuck bucket in yard and its used as organic liquid fertilizer

The advancement of technology has led to innovative solutions for addressing the challenges and inefficiencies in waste management and segregation systems. This research presents an Automatic Waste Management and Segregation System, leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm to revolutionize waste management practices. The proposed system integrates various components, including IR sensors, moisture sensors, flipper mechanisms, and embedded C programming, to automate the process of waste sorting and monitoring. The proposed Automatic Waste Management and Segregation System offer significant advantages over traditional waste management practices. By reducing human intervention, interaction, and time consumption, the system streamlines waste management operations and minimizes costs. Furthermore, the integration of IoT technologies enables the seamless tracking and tracing of bin locations, facilitating efficient waste collection and disposal. Overall, this research contributes to the advancement of waste management systems, offering a scalable and sustainable solution for municipalities and communities. The implementation of the proposed system has the potential to revolutionize waste management practices, promoting environmental conservation and resource optimization on a global scale. Inefficient waste management systems often lead to environmental pollution and resource wastage. Traditional methods of waste segregation are time- consuming, labor intensive, and prone to errors. Our goal is to design and implement an IoT-based conveyor belt system equipped with metal separation using magnets, moisture sensors for wet waste detection, and automatic segregation of dry waste. Keywords—Waste Management, Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, Autonomous Systems, Environmental Sustainability, Clean Energy.

Urban environmental conditions with densely populated occupancy will result in household waste that often disrupts both the health and the scenic side. Such conditions require the independent participation of the community, so that waste management can be effective and efficient. The development of waste management program can embrace the 3R pattern (Reuse, Reduce, Recycle), by developing a green entrepreneurship mindset, that is environment-based entrepreneurship spirit, so it is expected to grow the love for the environment. Trash can be classified as organic and inorganic waste. This activity will focus on the management of organic waste, which can be processed into compost. Currently, the compost fertilizer processing is still manual, so this activity will introduce the use of a machine. It is expected to increase the quantity and quality of compost products. This activity will observe the conditions before and after the application of technology, as the purpose to develop innovation models. Methods to be performed are observation, focus group discussion, and questionnaire distribution. The results of observations on the impact of the use of organic waste processing technology can be used as a basis for further development and the basis for determining the product marketing model.

Organic solid waste management is a significant challenge given environmental and sustainability concerns. Organic waste, including food residues, plant materials, agricultural waste, and other biological components, makes up a large portion of human-generated waste. Effective management of this waste is a priority for governments and businesses to reduce its ecological footprint and exploit its potential. Composting organic waste is an essential practice with numerous benefits for agriculture and the environment, turning waste into nutrient-rich compost that improves soil structure and health, reduces waste, decreases greenhouse gas emissions, and promotes sustainable agriculture.Olive pomace, the residue from olive oil extraction, is rich in fibers, residual oil, and polyphenols. When composted with other organic materials, it produces compost that enhances soil structure, water retention, and provides essential nutrients to plants. Household organic waste, such as food scraps and fruit and vegetable peelings, decomposes into compost rich in organic matter and nutrients, improving soil quality and structure. Poultry manure, high in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, stabilizes nutrients and reduces pathogens when composted, producing balanced, nutrient-rich compost that enhances soil fertility and promotes healthy crop growth. Green waste, such as leaves and grass clippings, also benefits from composting, producing compost rich in organic matter that improves soil structure, increases water retention, and supplies essential nutrients to plants.Composting organic waste reduces waste, enriches soils, and supports sustainable agriculture by transforming olive pomace, household waste, poultry manure, and green waste into valuable compost. This practice reduces dependence on chemical fertilizers, contributing to sustainable farming and reducing water pollution caused by nutrient runoff. Organic waste valorization through composting is crucial in the circular economy, turning waste into valuable resources, reducing raw material needs, lowering waste management costs, and promoting sustainability. Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of composts as soil amendments, reducing waste volume and management costs.

Academic community activities on campus certainly produce various types of waste, especially paper, plastic bottles, batteries, and various other types of waste. 18% of all criteria Green Campus Criteria according to UI Greenmetric is waste management. Based on the criteria, the campus needs to be focused on the waste management system such as waste segregation, pre-recycling, recycling, organic waste management, and policies on waste management at the university governance to reduce the use of paper and plastic packaging. Technology can be used to improve waste management systems, preparation for recycling waste by crushing it before recycling, collection and transfer of waste to landfill, or organic waste composers around the campus. Various sensors and alarm systems are integrated into waste collection equipment and can be connected through the Internet of Things (IoT) system to be monitored by the authorities. Through the design of a technology-based waste management system, it is hoped that it can reduce waste production for the environment and can increase Green Campus rank which certainly provides positive benefits for the environment, the academic community, and society

Cities stand out as the main destination of processed and consumed resources coming from all over the world. The urban metabolism approach warns us against the prevailing linear processes that move from production to consumption generating huge amounts of waste, which are not reintegrated back into the system. A transition towards a circular urban metabolism is a fundamental issue. In the case of the food system, the goal of returning organic matter and nutrients to the soil and closing nutrient cycles poses an important societal challenge. Considering that our food system is globalised, means with which to find feasible ways of closing nutrient cycles at the local level are not evident. This chapter explores the potential of addressing simultaneously the issues of food production and organic waste and their re-connection, so that the transition to a more re-localised urban food system is complemented by a revisited model of local organic waste management. We present an empirical case study of the city of Madrid (Spain), an experience that reintegrates organic waste into regional Alternative Food Networks. It was initiated as a bottom up approach by the civic platform Madrid Agroecologico, which demanded new public policies and the definition of a sustainable urban food strategy. Local farmers became responsible for composting organic waste from selected schools, residential areas and municipal markets within a pilot project called Madrid Agrocomposta, financed by the local municipality. The project was instrumental in raising awareness of the issue concerning waste and its potential re-use as compost to amend soils. We also explore the potential and the implications for public policies to accommodate a fundamental shift towards recycling organic solid waste into compost for urban agriculture or green areas. The analysis of the material and physical factors from the perspective of metabolism flows is applied to identifying ways to close the nutrient cycles by community composting inside the city or in peri-urban farms and distributed small scale waste processing plants. They would result in the integration of different waste management systems and introducing new players into a sector dominated by large companies, willing to retain a tight control of the urban waste management business.

The process of urbanization, which is perceived as a sign of progress, results increased number of households and their increased consumption of goods and services. This increases the volume of daily household waste which if not properly managed, can lead to various diseases and epidemics. Segregation of household waste into biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes can make household waste management easier as the biodegradable waste whose proportion is more than 60 % of the daily household waste, can be managed at household or local level. Similarly, a large proportion of non-biodegradable waste can be recycled. This would remove great burden faced by the distant landfill sites where urban wastes are disposed on a regular basis. A study done in a ward of Budhanilkantha Municipality, an urban municipality of Kathmandu valley, which involved 592 households showed that 65% of the total households practiced waste segregation. However, the practice of household waste segregation was not significantly associated with different levels of education status or the monthly income of the family. It was also not significantly associated with the presence of open area around the house.

The Ministry of Environment and Forestry in 2020 estimates that waste dumps in Indonesia will be 67.8 million tons. However, organic waste management in Indonesia is still relatively low. The accumulation of organic waste in the landfill, which usually causes unpleasant odors and potentially cause an explosion due to the production of methane gas from natural decomposition processes, can be avoided by prioritizing waste management from the source. An alternative way to handle organic waste is make eco-enzymes because it is efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly. This is the focus of the community service team. The community service method is carried out in three stages, including the preparation stage, the implementation stage, and the final stage. The preparation stage consists of doing a module for sorting organic waste and its utilization (making eco-enzymes). The next phase consists of socialization, education, and training on sorting organic waste and making the right eco-enzymes. The final stage consists of evaluation and making a final report. The expected result after education, socialization, or training has been carried out by the community service team, the community members, especially RT 04 RW 05 Permata Tembalang, know better and understand the sorting and utilization of organic waste.

Organic waste contributed for 54.4% of the total volume of household waste. Household waste management and decomposition of organic waste that is not managed properly can cause environmental pollution. The management of organic waste into ecoenzymes is one of the efforts that can be made in overcoming household organic waste. The purpose of this activity is to increase partners' knowledge and skills in managing household organic waste as ecoenzymes. This community service activity was carried out in Kapur Village, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan, in January 2025. The materials used consisted of household organic waste, water, and brown sugar. This community service activity began with a basic knowledge test in the form of a pre-test, followed by presentations, demonstrations, and evaluations in the form of a post-test. The results showed a significant increase in the post-test results on all indicators assessed, compared to the pre-test results. So it can be concluded that there was an increase in participants' understanding and skills from 47.17% before training to 96.17% after training.

Poorly managed organic waste often accumulates, becoming a significant source of pollution. A major challenge is the low utilization rate of waste management facilities. This ongoing issue of organic waste has negative impacts on both public health and quality of life. This initiative aimed to enhance community awareness of waste management and provide guidance on creating composter tools as a solution for organic waste management. The methods employed included waste management sensitization focusing on waste segregation, alongside training on composter construction and usage. Evaluation results indicate that 93% of participants understood the importance of waste segregation, and 93% were able to construct a simple composter after the activity. This program can serve as a sustainable model for waste management, particularly organic waste, at the hamlet level.

Organic household waste constitutes a significant proportion of municipal solid waste and presents major environmental and public health challenges when poorly managed. Composting offers a sustainable approach to managing biodegradable waste while supporting soil health and circular economy objectives. This study investigates the socio-economic and behavioral factors that influence households' willingness to adopt composting in the presence of free training. Data were collected through a household survey involving 397 respondents and analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and ordered logistic regression models. The results indicate that approximately 68% of respondents expressed willingness to adopt composting under a training-supported scenario. Chi-square analysis indicates that knowledge of organic waste and waste separation practices is significantly associated with willingness to adopt composting. The ordered logistic regression results indicate that the practice of separating waste is a strong positive predictor of willingness to adopt composting. On the other hand, a person's position in the household and the amount of organic waste they produce have strong negative effects. Socio-economic factors such as gender, education level, and household income were not statistically significant predictors in the multivariate model. These findings suggest that behavioral readiness and existing household waste management practices play a more critical role in compost adoption than demographic characteristics. The study highlights the importance of integrating compost promotion programs with household waste separation initiatives and community-based training programs. Strengthening behavioral change strategies and practical support mechanisms may enhance household participation in composting and contribute to more sustainable municipal waste management systems.

Quantum-inspired deep learning model for organic municipal solid waste classification toward a circular bioeconomy.

With the implementation of new policies supporting renewable natural gas production from organic wastes, Canada began replacing traditional disposal methods with highly integrated biogas production strategies. Herein, data from published papers, Canadian Biogas Association, Canada’s national statistical agency, and energy companies’ websites were gathered to gain insight into the current status of anaerobic digestion plants in recovering energy and resource from organic wastes. The availability of materials prepared for recycling by companies and local waste management organizations and existing infrastructures for municipal solid waste management were examined. Governmental incentives and discouragements in Canada and world anaerobic digestion leaders regarding organic fraction municipal solid waste management were comprehensively reviewed to identify the opportunities for developing large-scale anaerobic digestion in Canada. A range of anaerobic digestion facilities, including water resource recovery facilities, standalone digesters, and on-farm digesters throughout Ontario, were compared in terms of digestion type, digester volume, feedstock (s), and electricity capacity to better understand the current role of biogas plants in this province. Finally, technology perspectives, solutions, and roadmaps were discussed to shape the future in terms of organic fraction municipal solid waste management. The findings suggested that the biogas industry growth in Canada relies on provincial energy and waste management policies, advanced technologies for diverting organic waste from landfills, improving biogas yield using existing pretreatment methods, and educating farmers regarding digester operations.