Abstract
We study the impact of using fluid-structure interactions (FSI) to simulate blood flow in a stenosed artery. We compare typical flow configurations using Navier–Stokes in a rigid geometry setting to a fully coupled FSI model. The relevance of vascular elasticity is investigated with respect to several questions of clinical importance. Namely, we study the effect of using FSI on the wall shear stress distribution, on the Fractional Flow Reserve and on the damping effect of a stenosis on the pressure amplitude during the pulsatile cycle. The coupled problem is described in a monolithic variational formulation based on Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) coordinates. For comparison, we perform pure Navier–Stokes simulations on a pre-stressed geometry to give a good matching of both configurations. A series of numerical simulations that cover important hemodynamical factors are presented and discussed.
Highlights
The application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to blood flow is a rapidly growing field of biomedical and mathematical research
We study the impact of using fluid-structure interactions (FSI) to simulate blood flow in a stenosed artery
We have studied a prototypical geometry that represents a large and curved artery
Summary
The application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to blood flow is a rapidly growing field of biomedical and mathematical research. The correct reconstruction of wall shear stress (WSS) is of crucial importance for the cell signaling and as a consequence for the stenosis development [24] or for the assessment of rupture of cerebral aneurysms [12]. These two factors are studied in detail. Computational studies of flow in cerebral artery aneurysms indicated that rigid models tended to over estimate the WSS magnitude [39].
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