On the Functional Recovery Mechanism of the Cerebral Nervous System in Diabetic State under the Combination Effect of Exercise and Medication

Abstract

This paper studies the effects of moderate exercise and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on the recovery of mitochondrial injuries in the cerebral nervous system under diabetic state through experiment, and analyses the improvement mechanism of mitochondria in energy synthesis, biosynthesis, anti-oxidation, integration and division under the combination of exercise and EGCG medication, hoping to provide some theoretical reference for the protection of cerebral nervous system under diabetic state. The study concludes that diabetes has great impacts on the normal functioning of mitochondria and that its energy synthesis and biosynthesis are controlled by a variety of enzymes. When a rat has diabetes, the protein levels of NRF1, NRF2, TFAM and HO1 in mitochondria are significantly decreased, and the pathways of SIRT1 and PGC-1α proteins are also reduced accordingly. After diabetic rats were treated with the combination of exercise and EGCG for 3 months, the pathways of SIRT1 and PGC-1α proteins were effectively increased, the energy synthesis and biosynthesis of mitochondria were enhanced, and the activity of related enzymes was also improved. In this way, the cerebral nervous system diseases of the rats were mitigated. The combination of exercise and EGCG has better effect than either of them alone. The fusion protein expression in diabetic rats decreased significantly compared with that in normal rats, whereas the split protein expression significantly increased in diabetic rats compared with normal rats, indicating that with diabetes, the division and fusion of mitochondria are unstable. Treating diabetes with both exercise and EGCG medication can effectively improve the expression of fusion protein and reduce the level of split protein. Compared with those in the normal group, the autophagy protein levels in diabetic rats were significantly decreased while the expression of Parkin protein increased. The combination of exercise and EGCG can enhance the autophagic ability of mitochondria, thereby changing the ischemic injury of the cerebral nervous system. The EGCG medication can obviously enhance the activity of related enzymes in mitochondria and promote the metabolism of mitochondria.