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Abstract
Fracture prediction is one of the challenging problems in sheet metals. Forming limit curves at fracture (FLCF), as a tool to determine fracture in sheet metal processes, are obtained through the use of numerical analyses. As one of the approaches, the ductile fracture criteria (DFCs) represent the fracture initiation of the sheets formed by different loading histories. In this study, the effects of three different hardening models on different DFCs to predict the fracture for stainless steel 304L have been investigated. The results show that most of DFCs work better in the region ɛ2 <0 especially with the kinematic hardening model. However, for the region ɛ2>0 where the stretching conditions are dominant, none of them could precisely estimate the fracture initiation.
Highlights
Forming limit curves (FLCs) which were first drawn experimentally in 1960s have been used as an effective tool to analyze the behavior of the sheet metal for years
To evaluate the reliability of each implemented DFC on the sheet forming process the Nakazima tests were carried out using the SS304L stainless steel
It is observed that the forming limit curves at fracture (FLCF) curves of all ductile fracture criteria are almost linear lines with a negative slope predicting the fracture better when εε2 < 0; while for the region εε2 > 0, all of the criteria have inaccurate estimations except for the certain deformation states
Summary
Forming limit curves (FLCs) which were first drawn experimentally in 1960s have been used as an effective tool to analyze the behavior of the sheet metal for years. The effects of three hardening models; namely, isotropic, kinematic and combined hardening were investigated for different ductile fracture criteria. The FEM results have been compared with experimental data for Nakazima tests to recognize the DFC and the corresponding hardening model which predict the fracture better in stainless steel material SS304L.
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