On the formation of the framework model of the Specially Protected Natural Areas system in the regions within the Ural-Siberian sector of the steppe and forest-steppe zones

Abstract

Aim. To analyze the regional systems of location of Specially Protected Natural Areas within the Ural-Siberian sector of Russia's steppe and forest-steppe zones.Discussion. The territory of the study includes the following regions: Orenburg, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, Tyumen, Omsk, and Novosibirsk Regions, the Republic of Bashkortostan and Altay Territory. Each of these areas has its particularities of SPNA location that are component of the ecological framework. Ecological frameworks on the regional and local levels are the models of stable land use and of biological diversity conservation. The determination of model systems of Specially Protected Natural Areas is necessary to reach a balance between a comfortable and favorable environment for the life of the population and the protection of unique natural heritage. The rational allocation of SPNAs promotes optimizing the territorial structure of nature management, the stable functioning of biological processes, and local development within regional natural borders.Conclusion. It was ascertained that the SPNA allocation system of each examined region had its peculiarities connected with natural objects. Protected territories with federal, regional and local significance are located only in Chelyabinsk and Novosibirsk regions and Altay Territory. Also, positive dynamics in forming a new SPNA are observed in the Chelyabinsk and Tyumen regions and Altay Territory (data for 2019-2020). An excellent balance and development of the protected territories system are seen within the Ural-Siberian regions. The location of the SPNA system within the foothill regions of the Ural-Siberian sector (Altay Territory and Cheleyabinsk region) is the closest to the classical etalon of the ecological framework's formation.