Abstract
Aim. To analyze the regional systems of location of Specially Protected Natural Areas within the Ural-Siberian sector of Russia's steppe and forest-steppe zones.Discussion. The territory of the study includes the following regions: Orenburg, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, Tyumen, Omsk, and Novosibirsk Regions, the Republic of Bashkortostan and Altay Territory. Each of these areas has its particularities of SPNA location that are component of the ecological framework. Ecological frameworks on the regional and local levels are the models of stable land use and of biological diversity conservation. The determination of model systems of Specially Protected Natural Areas is necessary to reach a balance between a comfortable and favorable environment for the life of the population and the protection of unique natural heritage. The rational allocation of SPNAs promotes optimizing the territorial structure of nature management, the stable functioning of biological processes, and local development within regional natural borders.Conclusion. It was ascertained that the SPNA allocation system of each examined region had its peculiarities connected with natural objects. Protected territories with federal, regional and local significance are located only in Chelyabinsk and Novosibirsk regions and Altay Territory. Also, positive dynamics in forming a new SPNA are observed in the Chelyabinsk and Tyumen regions and Altay Territory (data for 2019-2020). An excellent balance and development of the protected territories system are seen within the Ural-Siberian regions. The location of the SPNA system within the foothill regions of the Ural-Siberian sector (Altay Territory and Cheleyabinsk region) is the closest to the classical etalon of the ecological framework's formation.
Highlights
Special features of the regional organization of the landscape‐ecological framework based on Specially Protected Natural Areas
Development of the SPNA system is combined with a regional lag according to most vectors of economic growth and weakness in agro‐industrial development
The SPNA system covers the central part of the region
Summary
Система государственных заповедников – это эталон ненарушенных природных территорий с определённой совокупностью ландшафтных особенностей и разнообразием животных и растительных сообществ. Национальный парк, исходя из действующей трактовки понятия, – территория, на которой в ограниченных масштабах допускается хозяйственная деятельность человека. Заказники предназначены для сохранения отдельных частей природного комплекса: растений, животных, или их определённых видов. Степи и степные экосистемы входят в число наименее защищённых биомов умеренного степного пояса. Международного союза охраны природы и природных ресурсов, МСОП International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, IUCN) по охраняемым территориям, травяные экосистемы умеренных широт – наименее защищённый из всех пятнадцати наземных биомов, выделяемых в мире: только 1% площади этого биома, находится в пределах. Взаимозависимость и совместное развитие человека (социальные системы) и природы (экосистемы) [2]. Теоретически «экологический каркас» подробно был рассмотрен и описан в 1971 году Б.Б.
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