Abstract
The Additive Layer Manufacturing (ALM) for metallic materials has grown in the past few years. However, this process influences the mechanical properties of the constitutive material and consequently those of the finished product. The influence of the thickness and the building direction of 316L Stainless Steel (SS) specimens produced by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) on the quasi-static mechanical behavior has already been reported. Considering the strain rate effect, it has been only studied for tensile properties of vertical specimens up to 102s–1. The aim of this work is to study the influence of the thickness and the building orientation at higher strain rates up to 101s–1 and up to 103s–1 for vertical specimens. Compared to conventional material, 316L SS SLM achieves equal and even better mechanical properties due to a refinement of the microstructure. Anisotropy is observed at the macroscopic level, which is explained by the microstructure with different shapes, orientation and size of grains. A minimum thickness of 0.75mm is recommended to recover the mechanical properties of the conventional 316L SS. A positive strain rate sensitivity is observed in every case. The material anisotropy and the thickness variation do not affect the strain rate sensitivity.
Highlights
Metallic additive manufacturing processes like Selective Laser Melting (SLM) give access to the microscopic scale while keeping a high level of complexity in geometry
Mechanical parameters in this study are consistent with the large scatter in the literature, which reflects the variety of possible process parameters combinations which influences the mechanical performances [1,9,10]
Compared to conventional 316L Stainless Steel (SS) and the associated norm ASTM A240/A240M [11] (YS≥170MPa, Ultimate Tensile Stress (UTS)≥485MPa and ε ≥40%), higher Yield Stress (YS) and UTS are achieved by SLM samples and similar ε
Summary
Metallic additive manufacturing processes like Selective Laser Melting (SLM) give access to the microscopic scale while keeping a high level of complexity in geometry. The influence of the specimen thickness on the mechanical response of plate samples has been investigated by few studies [4,5,6]. To the best of our knowledge, all published works on the thickness and building orientation of 316L SS manufactured by SLM were conducted under quasi-static tensile loading. The present study will aim to characterize 316L SS SLM specimens with different building orientations and thicknesses at multiple strain rates. Three thicknesses of 0.5-0.75-1mm on vertical specimens and three building orientations of 0°(horizontal) - 45°(diagonal) 90°(vertical) with 1mm thickness will be considered and samples will be tested at three strain rates: 0.00057s , 0.067s s and 8s. The findings can be used for further development of design rules and prediction of mechanical properties of SLM parts containing design features with lower wall thicknesses and different building orientations
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