Abstract
Abstract
Highlights
Today, we cannot honestly say that we are capable of accurately predicting the transition location in a boundary layer subject to free-stream turbulence (FST)
ReΛ–turbulence intensity (Tu) plane, with contour lines corresponding to ReFST = 100:100:700, from left to right. (b) ReΛ–ReFST plane, with contour lines corresponding to Tu = 0.01:0.01:0.07, from left to right
Correlation function exists that includes the effect of Free-stream turbulence (FST) length scales on transition in a physically correct way
Summary
We cannot honestly say that we are capable of accurately predicting the transition location in a boundary layer subject to free-stream turbulence (FST). Arnal & Juillen (1978) had long before this review article reported boundary-layer disturbance growth in the streamwise direction of several per cent of the free-stream velocity before the breakdown to turbulence occurred Their measurements showed that the maximum disturbance inside the boundary layer was around the middle of the boundary layer, i.e. much further away from the wall (more than 2.5 times) with respect to the inner peak of the wall-normal T–S wave disturbance profile. In the present brief review we have to mention the work by Jacobs & Durbin (2001), who performed a DNS of FST induced transition but presents an alternative breakdown process They found boundary-layer streaks, generated nonlinearly by the penetration of FST, with a spacing that was in agreement with the results by Andersson et al (1999), Luchini (2000). From here their results differ, the primary disturbance is, for instance, reported to originate from streamwise vorticity through vortex stretching around the leading edge by Nagarajan et al (2007), while it is reported to originate from spanwise vorticity by Ovchinnikov et al (2008)
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