Abstract
Abstract. Riparian vegetation plays a key role in maintaining water quality and preserving the ecosystems along riverine systems, as they prevent soil erosion, retain water by increased infiltration, and act as a buffer zone between rivers and their surroundings. Within urban spaces, these areas have also an important role in preventing illegal occupation in areas of hydrologic risk, such as in floodplains. The goal of this research is to propose a framework for identifying areas of permanent protection associated with perennial drainage, utilizing satellite imagery and digital elevation models (DEM) in association with machine learning techniques. The specific objectives include the development of a decision tree to retrieve perennial drainage over high resolution, 1-meter DEM’s, and the development of digital image processing workflow to retrieve surface water bodies from Sentinel-2 imagery. In-situ information on perennial and ephemeral conditions of streams and rivers were obtained to validate our results, that happened in the first trimester of 2020. We propose a minimum of 7 days without precipitation prior to in-situ validation, for more accurate assessment of streamflow conditions, in order to minimize impacts of surface water runoff in flow regime. The proposed method will benefit decision makers by providing them with reliable information on drainage network and their buffer zones, as well as yield detailed mapping of the areas of permanent protection that are key to urban planning and management.
Highlights
1.1 Research BackgroundRiparian vegetation plays a key role in maintaining water quality and preserving the ecosystems along riverine systems, as they prevent soil erosion, retain water by increased infiltration, and acting as a buffer zone between rivers and their surroundings
This buffer zone is known as Area of Permanent Protection (APP), and it is protected by federal law, its preservation is imposed by the constitution
Remote sensing has been providing for decades a feasible yet accurate method for mapping with detail many aspects of the landscape, including land use and land cover, geology and mineralogy, water resources, vegetation cover and plant health, etc
Summary
1.1 Research BackgroundRiparian vegetation plays a key role in maintaining water quality and preserving the ecosystems along riverine systems, as they prevent soil erosion, retain water by increased infiltration, and acting as a buffer zone between rivers and their surroundings. Under the Brazilian Forest Code, a piece of legislation on land use and management first established in 1965 and redesigned in 2012, perennial drainage represented by springs, creeks, streams, and rivers must have its surrounding riparian vegetation preserved, in order to maintain water quality, geologic stability and biodiversity, aside from preventing soil erosion (Law 4771/65, 1965; Law 12651/12, 2012). This buffer zone is known as Area of Permanent Protection (APP), and it is protected by federal law, its preservation is imposed by the constitution. This paper describes the methodology developed for identifying perennial streams and water bodies in Santa Catarina, utilizing remote sensing datasets and machine learning algorithms
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