Abstract

A convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) method which makes it possible to determine structure factor magnitudes and phases with high accuracy has recently been suggested. It is based on detailed simulations of non-systematic many-beam diffraction effects in the disks. Basis for the phase determination is an asymmetry which may appear in a line h with respect to the Bragg condition of the coupled reflection g near a three-beam condition. Approximate analytical three-beam solutions show that the sign and size of this asymmetry depends on the structure factor phases Θh of the reflections h involved through a term cos(Φ) where Φ is the three phase structure invariant, Φ = Θh + Θg + Θh-g. The magnitude of the phase invariant is thus in principle available, but not the sign. The aim of the present work has been to discuss the origin of the sign problem and the possibilities of distinguishing +/−Φ.

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