Abstract
We investigate the influence of the six AFL operations (taken in the form union, intersection, and right concatenation with regular sets, Kleene-closure, homomorphisms, and inverse homomorphisms) on the degree of non-regularity of context-free languages, measured by the parameters m and m λ introduced in [6] by Mäkinen and by the parameter Nreg considered in [7] by Paun. All these operations can induce arbitrary decrease of non-regularity, the intersection with regular sets and the inverse homomorphisms can induce arbitrary increase for all the three measures, whereas the homomorphisms can induce arbitrary increase for parameters m and m λ only. Finally, the three measures are compared with each other and arbitrary large differences are shown
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