On the Correlations Between Constitution and Scintillation Properties in the p-Oligophenylene Series

Abstract

Abstract The paper deals with the problem: What properties are requested from an organic scintillator solute and what structural principles are given to realize, or at least to influence them especially by looking at the p-oligophenylene series? According to their importance and also in respect to more or less special purposes one can distinguish the following sequence: 1) An organic scintillator solute must have a sufficient solubility in all types of solvents used for this counting method. As a result of extensive systematic studies substitution of larger alkyl groups has been recognized as a very effective principle of solubilization. By use of branched, particularly long-chain branched groups, even extremely insoluble substances can be solubilized to any extent in homopolar solvents. While substitution of alkyl groups is only effective for nonpolar solvents, the use of oxa-alkyl groups (derived from ethylene oxide) affords solubility also in polar solvents. It seems that with these two types of substi...