Abstract
In this paper, five computational approaches are used to model bulk flow parameters of inclined round negatively buoyant jets. More specifically, an integral model employing Gaussian distributions for velocity and apparent acceleration of gravity, proposed in earlier study, is implemented with two different entrainment formulae. The remaining three computational approaches include an integral model known as EMA, which takes into consideration the fluid detachment occurring in the inner side of the flow near the terminal height, the widely known commercial model Corjet and analytical solutions that were proposed in a previous study. Predictions are provided for the maximum centerline height and its horizontal position, the terminal height of the upper jet boundary, the horizontal distance to the points where the jet centerline and the upper jet boundary return to the source level, the centerline dilution at the maximum height and the centerline dilution at the return point. Detailed comparisons are made in dimensionless form between the estimations provided by the models and a wide range of experimental data for discharge angles between 15° and 90°. Conclusions are drawn regarding the performance of the five computational approaches.
Highlights
Desalination plants are becoming a common solution to the shortage of fresh water especially in coastal areas
Many experimental studies have been conducted for the flow of inclined dense jets discharged from a round nozzle with negative buoyancy, and results have been presented for trajectory characteristics and dilution
From experimental measurements conducted with light attenuation (LA) and LIF (Laser Induced Fluorescence) techniques in jets discharged at angles between 0◦ and 75◦, Kikkert [8] and Kikkert et al [9] obtained data for geometric characteristics, concentration field and dilution
Summary
Desalination plants are becoming a common solution to the shortage of fresh water especially in coastal areas. Many experimental studies have been conducted for the flow of inclined dense jets discharged from a round nozzle with negative buoyancy, and results have been presented for trajectory characteristics and dilution. From experimental measurements conducted with light attenuation (LA) and LIF (Laser Induced Fluorescence) techniques in jets discharged at angles between 0◦ and 75◦, Kikkert [8] and Kikkert et al [9] obtained data for geometric characteristics, concentration field and dilution They observed buoyancy-driven instabilities in the inner side of the flow. Dimensional analysis for negatively buoyant jets, presented in previous studies (e.g., [11,12]), has shown that for flows where the Boussinesq approximation is valid and for a specific discharge angle θo, any geometric characteristic, e.g., the height of rise Z, is normalized as
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
