Abstract
A variety of experiments were performed in a mild vacuum of 50 mTorr which defined the necessary chemical conditions associated with spontaneous solid surface segregation leading to a situation of ultralow wear rates. In particular, it was found that in a low oxygen environment solute segregation on solid-solid wear surfaces formed surface compounds having nearly zero wear rates. The surface compounds which provided such a response were generally presumed to be oxidized semiconductors. Furthermore, supporting solvent elements became depleted at the surface and apparently did not participate in the improved wear response. The transition to the condition of low wear was parallel to a transition to a low coefficient of friction.
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