Abstract
In this article, the boundary layer flow of a viscous nanofluid induced by an exponentially stretching surface embedded in a permeable medium with the Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model (CCHFM) is scrutinized. We took three distinct kinds of nanoparticles, such as alumina (Al2O3), titania (TiO2) and copper (Cu) with pure water as the base fluid. The features of the heat transfer mechanism, as well as the influence of the relaxation parameter on the present viscous nanofluid flow are discussed here thoroughly. The thermal stratification is taken in this phenomenon. First of all, the problem is simplified mathematically by utilizing feasible similarity transformations and then solved analytically through the OHAM (optimal homotopy analysis method) to get accurate analytical solutions. The change in temperature distribution and axial velocity for the selected values of the specific parameters has been graphically portrayed in figures. An important fact is observed when the thermal relaxation parameter (TRP) is increased progressively. Graphically, it is found that an intensification in this parameter results in the exhaustion of the fluid temperature together with an enhancement in the heat transfer rate. A comparative discussion is also done over the Fourier’s law and Cattaneo–Christov model of heat.
Highlights
Heat transfer analysis is involved in different aspects of engineering and biomedical applications such as continuous stretching of plastic films, energy production process, drawing of copper wires, conduction of heat in tissues, hot rolling, magnetic drug targeting, nuclear reactor cooling, space cooling, metal spinning’s and many other important fields
We applied the Cattaneo–Christov model of heat flux to study the boundary layer flow of a viscous nanofluid induced by an exponentially stretching surface embedded in a porous medium
We scrutinized the key features of the Cattaneo–Christov model of heat flux to highlight the transfer heat of viscous fluid
Summary
Heat transfer analysis is involved in different aspects of engineering and biomedical applications such as continuous stretching of plastic films, energy production process, drawing of copper wires, conduction of heat in tissues, hot rolling, magnetic drug targeting, nuclear reactor cooling, space cooling, metal spinning’s and many other important fields. The Cattaneo–Christov model to explore the transfer of heat for fluid with viscoelasticity enclosed by a sheet (stretching) and flow with slip is studied by Khan et al [6]. Mustafa [11] investigated the spinning flow of viscoelastic fluids due to a stretching sheet by employing the Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model (CCHFM). Nadeem et al [17] scrutinized the transfer rate of heat and the boundary layer fluid flow of a Maxwell fluid past exponentially stretching. We applied the Cattaneo–Christov model of heat flux to study the boundary layer flow of a viscous nanofluid induced by an exponentially stretching surface embedded in a porous medium. Stress is given to the fact that augmentation in the thermal relaxation parameter shows interesting exhaustion in the field of temperature distribution and the rate of heat transfer advancements
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