Abstract
The static solutions of the axially symmetric vacuum Einstein equations with a finite number of relativistic multipole moments (RMM) are described by means of a function that can be written in the same analytic form as the Newtonian gravitational multipole potential. A family of so-called MSA (multipole-symmetry adapted) coordinates are introduced to perform the transformation of the Weyl solutions; a procedure for their calculation at any multipole order is given and the results for a low order are shown. In analogy with a previous result (Hernández-Pastora J L 2008 Gen. Rel. Grav. 25 165021) obtained in Newtonian gravity, the existence of a symmetry of a certain system of differential equations leading to the determination of that kind of multipole solutions in general relativity is explored. The relationship between the existence of this kind of coordinates and the symmetries mentioned is proved for some cases, and the characterization of the MSA system of coordinates by means of this relationship is discussed.
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