On the Border Lines Between the Regions of Distinct Solution Type for Solutions of the Friedmann Equation

Abstract

It is well known that there are four distinct basic types (two Big Bang types, Lemaitre and Big Crunch type) for solutions of the general Friedmann equation with positive cosmological constant, where radiation and matter do not couple (see e.g. Baumgartel in Journal of Mathematical Physics 122505, 2012, [2]). In that paper, the system of case distinction parameters contains a “critical radiation parameter” \(\sigma _{cr}\). The present note contains the constructive description of the so-called border lines between Big Bang/Big Crunch type and Big Bang/Lemaitre type for the so-called Hubble solutions of the Friedmann equation by two smooth function branches, expressing the cosmological constant as unique functions of the matter and radiation density (which is considered as a parameter). These functions satisfy simple asymptotic relations with respect to the matter density. They are constructed as the solutions of the equation \(\sigma =\sigma _{cr}\).