Abstract
Using ESCA experimental evidence the conditions of the ductile-intergranular brittle transition for alloy steels are considered. The relationship explaining that such transition occurs due to bulk strength and grain boundary cohesion is derived. Grain strength is influenced by the dispersity of carbides in the grain interior. Grain boundary cohesion is due to the effective surface energy influenced by segregant concentrations, grain and grain boundary carbide sizes. Examples illustrating the above relationship are given. The effects of carbide forming elements on the ductile-brittle transition are considered. Carbide forming elements take part in carbide precipitation and suppress the grain boundary segregation of phosphorus, when the former leave solid solution and form carbides, P segregation is enhanced.
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