On-Street Parking Demand Estimation in Urban CBD using FI and CF Model: A Case Study – Kolkata, India

Abstract

Objectives:To estimate the on-street parking demand in the urban Central Business Districts (CBDs). Methods/Statistical Analysis: To achieve the goal, the study formulates two parking demand estimation models i.e., the fee index (FI) model and the cost factor (CF ) model, based on regression analysis using SPSSStatistical Package for the Social Science. FI Model estimates the on-street parking demand where the transit system is absent. On the other hand CF model estimates the demand by considering the mode shift from the private vehicle (PV) users to the public transit (PT ). Findings: Priority wise requirements for selecting PT are found out in this survey. The existing demand in the both selected CBDs of Kolkata, viz. Dalhousie and Gariahat is found to be much higher than the present parking supply. FI Model shows that, the demand will satisfy the existing supply if unit FI can be achieved. CF model explain that, the transit fare need to be increased by 52% and 26% for Dalhousie and Gariahat area respectively to meet the demand with the existing supply. It is also found out that, the on-street demand is less in transit oriented CBDs. The forecasted demand is reduced by 69% and 71% and by 63% and 59% than the present demand using CF model and the FI model respectively. In this study, it has been attempted to evaluate the on-street parking demand and such type of works has not been found out by the authors particularly in India which make it a pioneer study for others. Application/Improvements: The users need to be shifted from PV to PT immediately and the government must take necessary actions to introduce sufficient transit service to counter the on-street parking problem.