Abstract

Dynamic-stress concentrations due to elastic waves are analyzed by high-speed photoelasticity, and some differences between dynamic- and static-stress distributions are clarified. Specimens such as long struts with shoulders or notches are loaded dynamically by an elastic wave behind the front of a rectangular pulse with a plateau of constant stress ρcv (ρ=density,c=elasticwave velocity,v=tensile velocity) and of long duration. Dynamic isochromatic patterns caused in polyurethanerubber specimens are recorded with a “Himac 16H” high-speed camera (framing speed: 10,000 pictures/ sec). It is found that dynamic-stress-concentration factors, that is, maximum fringe order in passage of the wave front and the initial part of the plateau, divided by the fringe order corresponding to the height of the plateau, are about 0.5–0.6 times the static-stress-concentration factors, for the specimen dimensions considered. An approximate theory of dynamic-stress concentration factor is derived by considering notches as the discontinuities in the cross-sectional area of strut. This theoretical consideration correlates somewhat with the values of dynamic-stress-concentration factors obtained experimentally.

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