Abstract
The flexible and stretchable multifunctional sensors for the precise monitoring of the human physiological health indicators is an emerging requirement of next-generation electronics. However, the integration of multifunctional sensors into a common substrate for simultaneous detection of such signals without interfering with each other is the most challenging work. Here, we propose MXene-Ti3C2Tx and 3, 4-ethylene dioxythiophene (EDOT) deposited on laser-induced graphene (LIG/MXene-Ti3C2Tx@EDOT) composite-based flexible and stretchable multifunctional sensors for strain, temperature, and electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. In-situ electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of MXene-Ti3C2Tx@EDOT composite into LIG outperforms high strain sensitivity of 2,075, temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of 0.86%, and low skin-contact impedance. The sensor platform is integrated into an ultrathin and highly resilient polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene (SEBS). Finally, we demonstrate on-site detection of human body-induced deformations and physiological health indicators, such as temperature and ECG. The proposed approach paves a promising route to future wearables for smart skin and healthcare applications.
Highlights
The development of wearable and flexible multifunctional sensors has attracted extensive attention in smart biomedical and healthcare applications
As prepared MXene-Ti3C2Tx@ethylene dioxythiophene (EDOT) composite material was subjected to an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) mechanism
The capabilities mainly rely on three main advances over previous technologies: (i) integration of multiple sensors into an ultrathin and stretchable substrate in layer-baylayer assembly, which is rarely possible in ordinary stretchable polymeric substrates, such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), Ecoflex, and others, (ii) a design strategy for a multifunctional sensor to meet the requirements of enhancement of sensing parameters, and (iii) a piezoresistive composite material that is suitable for strain, temperature, and ECG measurements
Summary
The development of wearable and flexible multifunctional sensors has attracted extensive attention in smart biomedical and healthcare applications. The real-time monitoring of a person’s physiological status, such as pulse rate, body temperature, and electrocardiogram (ECG) assists medical personnel in the early prediction and diagnosis of heart diseases or abnormal body conditions[1,2]. As a core component of wearable devices, flexible and stretchable multifunctional sensors have good application prospects in health-status monitoring[2], electronic-skin (e-skin)[3,4], and human-machine interface[5,6]. Intensive research efforts have been done in the fabrication of multifunctional sensors, the challenges of seamless integration of such sensors into a stretchable platform restrict the wearability and selectivity of multiple stimuli. Identifying a common functional material responsive to a variety of stimuli is a key constraint for multimodal wearable electronics. There have been several reports on the flexible strain and temperature sensors using metallic materials
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