Abstract
Bluetooth is an important technical standard for short-range and low-power wireless communication. The home automation and entertainment (HAE) systems often make use of Bluetooth technology to link different Bluetooth devices and form Bluetooth networks. The security concerns of the HAE systems are raised due to massive deployment of the Bluetooth devices. The Bluetooth standard mainly depends on the secure simple pairing (SSP) solution to protect the Bluetooth devices. Hence, we investigate the SSP solution according to the Bluetooth standard v5.0. The contributions are threefold. (1) A formal security model is proposed to evaluate SSP’s association models and authenticated link key. (2) We formally analyze two SSP protocols and present the security requirements for basic cryptographic modules in these SSP protocols. (3) We discuss the typical SSP applications in the HAE systems. Our results are useful to not only evaluating and designing the SSP protocols but also enhancing the security of the HAE systems in which the Bluetooth access is available.
Highlights
Owing to the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), the home automation and entertainment (HAE) systems simplify the controls of different home appliances and enhance their convenience, safety, and comfort via either wired or wireless communication
Our formal security model generally simulates the networking of the Bluetooth devices and catches the potential attack behaviours when an secure simple pairing (SSP) protocol is run over public channels
We propose a formal security model for the SSP protocols
Summary
Owing to the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), the home automation and entertainment (HAE) systems simplify the controls of different home appliances and enhance their convenience, safety, and comfort via either wired or wireless communication. According to latest Bluetooth standard v5.0 [2,3], it provides five different security features. Pairing: Establishing shared keys among Bluetooth devices paired. Authentication: Verifying that the same key exists between two Bluetooth devices. From the technical perspective, pairing is the first and important step to ensure Bluetooth security, because the function of pairing is to establish a shared link key and the link key is the master key for other Bluetooth mechanisms. Bluetooth standard v5.0 [2,3] preferably supports secure simple pairing (SSP) to provide the function of pairing. The main goal of our research is to address the security and the privacy of SSP in Bluetooth standard v5.0. Part two of our research will focus on the privacy issue of SSP in Bluetooth standard v5.0
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