On Motivation, Leadership, and Intelligence: A Tentative Analytical Framework from the Spirituality Perspective

Abstract

The spiritual life is within the jurisdiction of human thought and is attainable in principle by man's own efforts. Spirituality is often defined as finding meaning in life through self-transcendence A less studied area in Taiwan and no single study can provide conclusive evidence of framework of spirituality of business employees. Against this background, this study aims to provide some direction of spirituality related to organizational behavior and human resource management. Following a review of the literature, a tentative analytical framework is proposed so that we are in a position to integrate the three aspects of spirituality: spiritual need of motivation theory, spiritual leadership of leadership theory, and spiritual intelligence.