Abstract
Abstract A series of CMK-3-like carbon replicas was synthesized by precipitation polycondensation of furfuryl alcohol in an aqueous slurry of SBA-15 at a polymer/SiO2 mass ratio of 0.50–2.00. Changes in textural and structural parameters of SBA-15 after polymer deposition were studied by N2 adsorption and X-ray diffraction. Morphology of the replicas was investigated by transmission electron microscopy, while their surface composition was determined by temperature-programmed desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The mechanism of deposition of poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA) onto silica surface was elucidated. It was found that PFA accumulates in SBA-15 pores randomly; certain channels are completely filled, while others remain partially empty. The incomplete filling of mesopores results in “pseudo-CMK-3” structures featuring the bimodal porosity (the typical mesopores of CMK-3 are accompanied by broader ones formed by the coalescence of adjacent partially hollow pores). The total filling of pores with PFA leads to the formation of good-quality CMK-3. The carbon replicas exhibited the presence of abundant amounts of superficial oxygen-containing moieties. These entities are responsible for high activity of the materials in the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethylbenzene, bringing evidence supporting the mechanism of active coke, considered as governing the catalytic performance of carbon materials in ODH of alkanes.
Highlights
Over the recent two decades, ordered mesoporous carbon materials (OMCs) have been extensively studied by many researchers due to their unusual, beneficial properties, which surpass the features of conven tional microporous activated carbons (AC)
The effectiveness of accumulation of poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA) inside mesochannels of SBA-15 was studied by means of Thermogravimetric measurements (TG) under the oxidative atmosphere
This study was aimed at the thorough investigation on the mecha nism of accumulation of various amounts of poly(furfuryl alcohol) in the SBA-15 pore system by the previously developed method of precipita tion polycondensation of FA in a polar medium
Summary
Over the recent two decades, ordered mesoporous carbon materials (OMCs) have been extensively studied by many researchers due to their unusual, beneficial properties, which surpass the features of conven tional microporous activated carbons (AC). Morphology, structure, and textural characteristic of the ul timate replica are governed by the geometry and size of channels in the starting SiO2 template, as well as a level of its pore filling with a carbon precursor and homogeneity of the incorporated polymer material. When it comes to accumulation of the polymer, two scenarios are possible. The second variant involves a complete filling of silica mesopores resulting in a formation of bulky carbon nanorods in the ul timate replica In this case, the CMK-3 framework is formed [9]
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