On manifestation & physics of the Kurdjumov and spillover effects in carbon nanostructures, under intercalation of high density hydrogen

Abstract

Some experimental evidences and the physics (thermodynamics) of the nanoscale self-intercalation of high-density gaseous molecular hydrogen (ρ ≈ 0.045 g/cm3, T ≈ 300 K) into surface nanoclusters in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and epitaxial graphene, as well as the nanoscale self-intercalation of high density solid molecular hydrogen (ρ ≈ 0.5 g/cm3, T ≈ 300 K, the compressed pressure ∼ 0.5 Mbar) into graphite nanofibers are considered, with regard to the problem of compact and efficient hydrogen on-board storage and other clean energy applications. Perspectives of further developments of these results are considered, as well.