On Lagrangian Solutions for the Semi-geostrophic System with Singular Initial Data

Abstract

We show that weak (Eulerian) solutions for the semi-geostrophic system in physical space exhibiting some mild regularity in time cannot yield point masses in dual space. However, such solutions are physically relevant to the model. Thus, we discuss a natural generalization of weak Lagrangian solutions in the physical space to include the possibility of singular measures in dual space. We prove existence of such solutions in the case of discrete measures in dual space. We also prove that weak Lagrangian solutions in physical space determine solutions in the dual space. This implies conservation of geostrophic energy along the Lagrangian trajectories in the physical space.