Abstract
Opencast mining of coal deposits is a priority in Russia, while providing coal to the domestic and foreign markets. Despite reasonable concerns about air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, coal use will continue to be significant in the future. Consequently, it is necessary to introduce less polluting and more efficient technologies in the industry in the coming decades. Coal deposits are being developed by the open method with a limited deposit length. An indicator for estimating volumes is proposed -the ratio of sediment fraction in a quarry. The dependence of the sediment fraction in the quarry on the pit depth, thickness and angle of incidence of the formation of coal seams (with an oblique and steep fall) is established. Recommendations on the use of land-saving dumping for the open-cast mining of coal deposits have been developed. The structure of complex mechanization on dumping is proposed depending on the properties of rocks (soft or bedrock) and types of transport.
Highlights
Russia has one of the richest coal deposits in the world and is one of the world's leading coal producers and ranks third in the world in coal exports after Australia and Indonesia.Most of Russia's coal reserves are mainly located in Siberia and the Far East, which creates problems for their commercial development, since it will take a long time to transport them to domestic and foreign markets.Coal mining in Russia in the future will be 325-430 million tons
According to the Federal Institute of Sciences and Natural Resources of Germany, Russia accounts for 160 billion tons of coal reserves, which is more than 15% of world reserves and provides the third largest in the world after the US and China [1]
The analysis showed that in open-pit mining mainly deep-longitudinal development systems (82.1%) are used, followed by placement of overburden on external dumps and continuous development systems (17.9%) with partial internal dumping
Summary
Coal mining in Russia in the future will be 325-430 million tons. According to the Federal Institute of Sciences and Natural Resources of Germany, Russia accounts for 160 billion tons of coal reserves, which is more than 15% of world reserves and provides the third largest in the world after the US and China [1]. World reserves of hard coal (that is, reserves for commercial use) are approximately 755 Gt, of which Russia accounts for 69 Gt (9.1%). Based on these data, Russia ranks fourth after the United States (29.8%), China (23.9%) and India (10.2%) [1]
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