Abstract
Obtaining the most accurate and detailed subsurface information from seismic surveys is one of the main challenges for seismic data processing, especially in the context of complex geological conditions (e.g., mountainous areas). The correct calculation of static corrections allows for the reliable processing of seismic data. This, in turn, leads to better geological interpretation. A seismic signal passing through a near-surface zone (NSZ) is adversely affected by the high heterogeneity of this zone. As a result of this, observed travel times often show anisotropy. The application of refractive waves and the time delay solution without taking into account the effects caused by the complex anisotropy of an NSZ does not meet the standards of modern seismic surveys. The construction of the NSZ model in mountain regions with the use of refraction may be extremely difficult, as the vertical layers can be observed very close to the surface. It is not sufficient to apply regular isotropic refractive solutions in such conditions. The presented studies show the results of taking into account the anisotropy of an NSZ in the calculations of static corrections. The presented results show that this step is critical for the detailed processing of three-dimensional (3D) seismic data collected in the difficult region of the Carpathians in Southern Poland.
Highlights
The proper calculation of seismic static corrections is one of the core processing stages
The search for new geothermal energy sources and for the reliable structural interpretation of such sources shows that the use of a novel approach for seismic static calculations is needed
Including the effect of refractor anisotropy in time shift corrections in places where the near-surface zone (NSZ) layers have favored the direction of P-wave propagation has the desired effects in final seismic stack quality
Summary
The proper calculation of seismic static corrections is one of the core processing stages. It is even more important when the main target is to find the source of geothermal energy in a region where complex geology occurs [1]. There have been no published results of including anisotropy for static correction calculations in Poland. The benefits of including P-wave azimuthal anisotropy effects have become more important and increasingly used in processing and interpretation worldwide. This paper is focused on including the effect of NSZ anisotropy for seismic static correction calculations. This paper presents the results of the application of this processing approach in the reprocessing of difficult 3D seismic data. The main idea was to examine the new processing scheme strongly oriented toward anisotropy effects
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