ON IMPROVEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS OF THE KHARKIV MOTORWAY SECTION

Abstract

Nowadays, on the territory of large cities, there is an increase in emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. The reasons for this are manifold: violation of design technological regimes, outdated equipment, an increase in the volume of road transport. The constantly growing intensity of traffic flows is annually accompanied by an increase in the anthropogenic load on the population of modern cities. With the increase in the number of vehicles on the streets of large cities, the world community has identified noise as one of the main factors that worsen the standard of living of people. To assess the noise pollution of the environment by road transport, a typical area of the urban area in the Kharkiv micro district was chosen. The study consisted of four main stages: Stage I – assessment of the road condition and environmental situation in the courtyards of the micro district; Stage II – assessment of acoustic pollution of the main area; Stage III – assessment of the concentration of pollutants; Stage IV – measures to reduce the level of environmental hazard. The study revealed that residential areas around Gagarin Avenue are prone to high noise levels and high concentrations of pollutants in the air. So, Gagarin Avenue is in the zone of acoustic discomfort (noise level 80 dBA), which exceeds the permissible noise level, while the degree of man-made impact on the environment during road operation is 1000 UAH / hour for every 100 people. Based on the results of calculations of the concentrations of pollutants from vehicles along Gagarin Avenue, it was found that for almost all substances their concentrations exceed the MPC by more than 3 times. Analysis of the experience of European countries in the use of noise protection screens with integrated solar panels allowed us to propose a model of noise protection barrier with integrated solar panels, which can be used to protect the urban environment from noise, sound waves and exhaust chemicals. gases from internal combustion engines. It has been established that the placement of a combined noise protection screen will reduce the noise level by about 8–15 dBA. Noise load maps were built in the main area before and after the implementation of the environmental measure. The results of the study will make it possible to introduce administrative and legislative measures to ensure regulatory noise levels for residential areas adjacent to highways and environmental safety when organizing traffic on the streets of large cities.