Abstract
When a ship with a wide transom stern runs on a deeper draft than design draft, forward-oriented wave breaking with high turbulence intensity often occurs just behind the transom stern. To prevent or decrease the phenomenon is important for energy saving for such ships, because it generates large hull resistance. The phenomenon is affected by viscous boundary layer formed on the stern bottom just in front of it. Its characteristics are, therefore, more complicated compared with those of similar phenomena observed around bow or in hydraulic waves at shallow water. Based on such understanding of the phenomenon, studies are made to get knowledge effective for transom stem design, i.e., on how to treat the phenomenon, main design parameters ruling the phenomenon and characteristics of the resistance due to the phenomenon.
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