On Fixed Cost k-Flow Problems

Abstract

In the Fixed Cost k-Flow problem, we are given a graph G = (V, E) with edge-capacities {ue?e ? E} and edge-costs {ce?e ? E}, source-sink pair s, t ? V, and an integer k. The goal is to find a minimum cost subgraph H of G such that the minimum capacity of an st-cut in H is at least k. By an approximation-preserving reduction from Group Steiner Tree problem to Fixed Cost k-Flow, we obtain the first polylogarithmic lower bound for the problem; this also implies the first non-constant lower bounds for the Capacitated Steiner Network and Capacitated Multicommodity Flow problems. We then consider two special cases of Fixed Cost k-Flow. In the Bipartite Fixed-Cost k-Flow problem, we are given a bipartite graph G = (A ? B, E) and an integer k > 0. The goal is to find a node subset S ⊆ A ? B of minimum size |S| such G has k pairwise edge-disjoint paths between S ? A and S ? B. We give an O(klogk)$O(\sqrt {k\log k})$ approximation for this problem. We also show that we can compute a solution of optimum size with Ω(k/polylog(n)) paths, where n = |A| + |B|. In the Generalized-P2P problem we are given an undirected graph G = (V, E) with edge-costs and integer charges {bv : v ? V}. The goal is to find a minimum-cost spanning subgraph H of G such that every connected component of H has non-negative charge. This problem originated in a practical project for shift design [11]. Besides that, it generalizes many problems such as Steiner Forest, k-Steiner Tree, and Point to Point Connection. We give a logarithmic approximation algorithm for this problem. Finally, we consider a related problem called Connected Rent or Buy Multicommodity Flow and give a log3+??n approximation scheme for it using Group Steiner Tree techniques.