Abstract
Abstract The surface activity of carbon black (CB) is an important factor affecting the reinforcement of rubber. The quantitative determination of the surface activity (surface free energy) of CB is of great significance. A simplified formula is obtained to determine the free energy of CB surface through theoretical analysis and mathematical derivation. The surface free energy for four kinds of industrial CBs were measured by inverse gas chromatography, and the influential factors were studied. The results showed that the aging time of the chromatographic column plays an important role in accurate measurement of the surface free energy of CB, in comparison with the influences from the inlet pressure and carrier gas flow rate of the chromatographic column filled with CB. Several kinds of industrial CB were treated at high temperature, and the surface free energy of CB had a significant increase. With the increase of surface free energy, the maximum torque was decreased significantly, the elongation at break tended to increase, the heat generation of vulcanizates was increased, and the wear resistance was decreased.
Highlights
As an industrial raw material, carbon black (CB) is a fluffy black powder with diameter of small size
The results showed that the aging time of the chromatographic column plays an important role in accurate measurement of the surface free energy of CB, in comparison with the influences from the inlet pressure and carrier gas flow rate of the chromatographic column filled with CB
The surface free energy of CB will be changed to meet the specific requirements. Hydrophilic groups such as carboxyl and hydroxyl are formed on the surface of CB by oxidation treatment, which enhances the dispersion of CB in aqueous solution [15]
Summary
As an industrial raw material, carbon black (CB) is a fluffy black powder with diameter of small size. Hydrophilic groups such as carboxyl and hydroxyl are formed on the surface of CB by oxidation treatment, which enhances the dispersion of CB in aqueous solution [15]. It can reduce the intermolecular force and improve the compatibility of CB and medium by the graft modification
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