Abstract
Europium was discovered in 1901 by Demarcay, accompanying samarium, from which he separated it by fractional crystallisation of the double nitrates of magnesium and the earths. Demarcay considered that his new earth was identical with De Boisbaudran’s Zϵ and Zζ, and was the same which I had announced in 1885 as giving an extremely sharp red line in the phosphorescent spectrum at wave-length 609—an earth which in 1889 I said was a new one, and designated by the name of Sδ. I detected the earth Sδ during an examination of the phosphorescent spectra given by some of the fractions of samaria and of yttria, neither of the earths being pure.
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