On Employment Imbalance Issue based on Higher Education Major Structure and the Countermeasures ——A Case Study of Wuhan Colleges and Universities

Abstract

This paper mainly concerns the employment imbalance issue of the graduates in Wuhan colleges and universities from 2006 to 2011 based on the analysis of the higher education major structure and statistical analysis, and then comes up with the corresponding countermeasures to increase the employment rate from the perspective of optimizing and reshaping the major structure in Wuhan colleges and universities. Introduction The optimization level of higher education structure is directly linked to the employment rate of college graduates, in other words, the latter is the touchstone of the former, so in the context of the universalization of higher education in China, researchers are paying increasing attention to the correlation between the higher education structure settings and employment rate of college students. Wuhan has a considerable number of universities and colleges, and the higher education structure has been somewhat improved in terms of disciplines, hierarchical structure and overall arrangement since the substantial resource restructuring in 2000, but it is still accompanied by unreasonable major structure and inappropriate hierarchical structure. In this paper, it deals with a case study of Wuhan colleges and universities, analyzes the current situation and problems of the employment rate of different majors and then discusses the strategies to boost the employment rate of college graduates from the standpoint of the higher education structure. Composition of Higher Education Structure Regarding the composition of higher education structure, almost all scholars at home and abroad share the same viewpoint that it consists of macrostructure and microstructure. The macrostructure comprises hierarchical structure, formal structure, distribution structure and management system structure while the microstructure is mainly about the internal composition structure, major structure of disciplines, curriculum structure and teaching material structure of colleges. This paper focuses on the analysis of the major structure of higher education microstructure[1]. The Employment Current Situation and Problem based on Higher Education Major Structure in Wuhan A. The overall employment situation of the graduates in Wuhan colleges and universities Since the implementation of the recruitment expansion policy in 1998, the higher education in Wuhan has gradually experienced a fundamental shift from elite cultivation to mass education, but it also comes with increasing employment pressure for many college graduates. Table 1 shows that the employment rates in 2006 and 2007 are almost the same while that in 2008 is far from optimistic. According to the employment rate defined by the labor economics, the quantity of employment excludes the number of those attending postgraduate schools and studying abroad. The non-unemployment rate in 2010 is 89.1% and the percentage of students attending post-graduate school in 2010 is 17.99%, so it suggests that the employment rate of the graduates in Wuhan colleges and universities in 2010 is only around 71%. The employment rate of the graduates in Wuhan colleges and universities in 2011 can also be derived according to above manner, nearly equaling the employment rate in 2010. 3rd International Conference on Science and Social Research (ICSSR 2014) © 2014. The authors Published by Atlantis Press 325 Table1. Employment Rate of Graduates in Wuhan Colleges and Universities in the Past 6 Years Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 201