Abstract
In the present paper we give a concise review of some recent highlights of our research dealing with electromagnetic control of flow, mixing and heat transfer of electrically conductive or magnetized fluids. We apply a combination of state-of-art numerical (DNS and LES) and experimental (PIV and LIF) techniques to provide fundamental insights into the complex phenomena of interactions between imposed (or induced) electromagnetic fields and underlying fluid flow. Our analysis covers an extensive range of working fluids, i.e. weakly- and highly-electrically-conductive, as well as magnetized fluids. These interactions are defined through the presence of different types of body forces acting per volume of fluid. A fully closed system of governing equations containing an extended set of the Navier-Stokes and a simplified set of the Maxwell equations is presented. The four characteristic examples are selected: the electromagnetic control of self-sustained jet oscillations, the electromagnetic enhancement of heat transfer in thermal convection, the wake interactions behind magnetic obstacles and finally, the thermo-magnetic convection in differentially heated cubical enclosure. The comparative assessment between experimental and numerical results is presented. It is concluded that generally good agreement between simulations and experiments is obtained for all cases considered, proving the concept of electromagnetic modulation, which can be used in numerous technological applications.
Highlights
Examples of flow of electrically conductive or magnetized fluids include numerous situations in astrophysical, geophysical, environmental and technological applications, [1], [2], [3]
Results and discussion we will focus on some typical situations involving the interactions between imposed electromagnetic fields and underlying fluid flow, mixing or/and heat transfer phenomena, which we recently studied by combing experimental (PIV, laser induced fluorescence (LIF) and thermocouple measurements) and numerical simulation methods (DNS and large-eddy simulation approach (LES))
Electromagnetic control of self-sustaining jet oscillations We start with the recent study in which we address different possibilities of controlling the flow of a weakly conductive fluid entering a shallow cavity, [27,28,29,30]
Summary
Examples of flow of electrically conductive or magnetized fluids include numerous situations in astrophysical, geophysical, environmental and technological applications, [1], [2], [3]. For the weakly conductive fluids, it is necessary to impose a combination of external magnetic and electric fields, [5], [6], [7] This is done in order to be able to generate sufficiently strong Lorentz force. We give a short overview of the transport equations required to describe the interactions between imposed (or induced) electromagnetic fields and the flow of conductive or magnetized fluids. Where the thermal diffusivity is a = ν / Pr. The Lorentz force term requires (fl) information about the imposed magnetic field (b) and of the total current density (j). We have a fully closed system of equations (1)-(6) that can be applied for a vast range of interactions between the flow and electromagnetic forcing of electrically conductive (both weakly- and strongly-conductive) as well as magnetized fluids.
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